法籍华人高行健获得2000年诺贝尔文学奖

论坛:江湖谈琴作者:三傻发表时间:2000-10-12 21:41
发信人: tit (tit), 信区: ChinaNews
标 题: 快讯:旅法中国剧作家高行健获诺贝尔文学奖
发信站: The unknown SPACE (Thu Oct 12 08:16:51 2000) WWW-POST

快讯:旅法中国剧作家高行健获诺贝尔文学奖

北京时间12日19:00,瑞典文学院宣布,将本年度诺贝尔文学奖授予
旅法中国剧作家高行健。

资料:诺贝尔奖有没有中国文学的知音

马悦然是瑞典文学院中唯一懂得汉语的院士,因此,他在担任院士后
便更加努力翻译中国现代、当代的作品,更加关注中国当代文学。

马悦然认为,高行健的每一部剧作都是好作品。高行健刚刚完成的长
达40万字的长篇小说《灵山》,可是都是手写的,他读得很费力,
不知道怎么办?由中国作家刘再复把《灵山》初稿带回了北京,打印
校对好了之后,刘再复请瑞典驻华使馆的文化参赞交给马悦然。马悦
然接到打印稿后立即译成瑞典文,因此,《灵山》的中文本尚未出版
,瑞典语《灵山》译本已经出版了。《灵山》长达六七百页,而且与
中国小说的传统写作很不相同,它没有连贯性的人物与故事,结构十
分复杂,第一人称"我"同第二人称"你"实为一体,后者乃是前者的投
射或精神的异化。第三人称"他"则又是对第一人称"我"的静观与思考
。全书81章,便由这三者分为三个层次。除了结构心理复杂之外,
文化内涵也相当复杂,它揭示了中国文化鲜为人知的另一面,即他所
定义的中国长江文化或南方文化,换句话说,也就是被历代政权提倡
的中原正统教化所压抑的文人的隐逸精神和民间文化。这部小说,上
溯中国文化的起源,从对远古神话传说的诠释、考察,到汉、苗、彝
、羌等少数民族现今民间的文化遗存,乃至当今中国的现实社会,通
过一个在困境中的作家沿长江流域进行奥德赛式的流浪和神游,把现
时代人的处境同人类普遍的生存状态联系在一起,加以观察。对许多
读者来说,《灵山》可不是那么好进入的,阅读起来非常费劲。而马
悦然,一个非中国人,却能如此欣赏《灵山》,译得非常漂亮,翻译
者如果没有一种感情,没有一种精神,是难以完成如此艰巨的工程的
。《灵山》的法译本在1996年于巴黎出版。出版时法国左、中、
右各报均给予很高的评价。

高行健还有其他许多作品也已译成瑞典文、法文、英文、德文、意大
利文、匈牙利文、日文和弗拉芒文出版。他的剧作在瑞典、德国、法
国、奥地利、英国、美国、南斯拉夫、台湾和香港等地频频上演。西
方报刊对他的报导与评论近二百篇。欧洲许多大学中文系也在讲授他
的作品。他在当代海内外的中国作家中可说成就十分突出。


(2000/10/12,19:15)

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发信人: qfcao (离离@草), 信区: ChinaNews
标 题: 高行健的作品2
发信站: The unknown SPACE (Thu Oct 12 08:23:53 2000), 转信

2000年10月12日 19:39:38 (京港台时间)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

高行健作品《一个人的圣经》


【多维新闻社12日电】刚刚获悉中国旅法作家高行健获诺贝尔文学奖。

联经出版社1999年出版高行健作品《一个人的圣经》。这是高行健继
《灵山》的法译本轰动法国文坛之后,刚完成的又一部力作。
主人翁一分为二:此时此刻的「你」与游移现实和回忆的「他」,两
者平行对应。时空由中共解放前的童年、到文革饱受折辱,乃至现在
出逃到西方,横跨50年之久。尽管行文以极写实主义风格的叙事书写
,断句、诗化的词语却冷眼旁观地插入其中,展现出既迷人又高段的
现代主义风貌,是这世纪末一个没有祖国没有主义的世界游民的内心
自白与宣言。

发信人: seniority (逍遥游), 信区: ChinaNews
标 题: 高行健,1940年1月4日生于江西省赣州,现为法国公民
发信站: The unknown SPACE (Thu Oct 12 08:24:31 2000) WWW-POST

中国旅法作家高行建获颁2000年诺贝尔文学奖。他是第一位获得诺尔
贝文学奖的华裔作家。
高行健,1940年1月4日生于江西省赣州,现为法国公民。高写过诗歌
、戏剧、文艺批评等作品。他父亲是位银行职员,母亲是位演员。受
母亲的影响,高行健很早就显示出对戏剧和写作的兴趣。高1962年从
北京外国语学院法语系毕业。1966年-1976年,他提着一箱子书稿进
了干校接受再教育。1979年出国。
诺贝尔奖当局说,高行健的作品为中文小说和戏剧开拓了新的道路。
高行健的作品包括《灵山》,法译本在1996年出版时在法国获得很高
的评价。
高行健将在12月10日举行的颁奖典礼上,在斯德哥尔摩从瑞典国王手
中接过奖状和大约一百万美元的奖金。
诺贝尔奖六位得主中的五人已经揭晓,最受关注的和平奖得主将在明
天公布。

发信人: qfcao (离离@草), 信区: ChinaNews
标 题: 高行健的作品之一
发信站: The unknown SPACE (Thu Oct 12 08:22:22 2000), 转信

http://www.godot.org.tw/history/9203-train.htm
好像在台湾很有名。
也许欧在孤陋寡闻拉。


发信人: zyh (OK), 信区: ChinaNews
标 题: Chinese novelist wins Nobel literature prize
发信站: The unknown SPACE (Thu Oct 12 08:26:57 2000) WWW-POST

CNN News
October 12, 2000
Web posted at: 7:30 AM EDT (1130 GMT)


STOCKHOLM, Sweden -- Chinese novelist Gao Xingjian has won
the Nobel Prize in literature for his "bitter insights and
linguistic ingenuity," and becomes the first Chinese writer
to win the prestigious prize.

His work was described as having "opened new paths for the
Chineses novel and drama."

Gao, 60, born in eastern China and living in France, is a
translator, dramatist, director and critic, as well as being
a novelist.

None of his plays have been performed in China since 1986,
when his work "The Other Shore" was banned.

He left China in 1987 and settled in Paris the following
year as a political refugee.

The prize this year is worth 9 million kronor ($915,000).
The Swedish Academy cited Gao for his writing about the
struggle of the individual.

"He is a perspicacious skeptic who makes no claim to be able
to explain the world. He asserts that he has found freedom
only in writing," according to the citation.

Guenter Grass won last year's prize as one of the most
prominent authors to emerge from a group of young
intellectuals who set out to revive German literature after
the Nazi era.

The literature award -- usually the first -- was the fifth
and last Nobel prize unveiled in Stockholm this week. The
Nobel Peace Prize winner will be named Friday in Oslo,
Norway.

The Nobel Prizes are funded by a trust set up in the will of
Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of
dynamite. Nobel said the literature prize should recognise
an author whose work moves in an "ideal direction" without
specifying exactly what he meant.

Swedish King Carl XVI Gustaf will present the prizes as
always on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death in
1896.


发信人: zyh (OK), 信区: ChinaNews
标 题: 旅法作家高行健获诺贝尔文学奖
发信站: The unknown SPACE (Thu Oct 12 08:27:35 2000) WWW-POST

【多维新闻社12日电】多维社记者查园报导/中国旅法作家高行健(Ga
o Xingjian )获得2000年诺贝尔文学奖。他是第一个获得诺贝尔文学
奖的华人。

瑞典科学院【多维新闻社12日电】多维社记者查园报导/中国旅法作
家高行健(Gao Xingjian )获得2000年诺贝尔文学奖。他是第一个获
得诺贝尔文学奖的华人。

瑞典科学院在褒词中说,授予高行健文学奖是表彰他“尖刻的洞察力
,语言上的精巧,及他以此为中国小说开辟了新的途径",表彰他19
86年的被禁小说《另岸,The Other Shore》,表彰他的作品中对个
人奋斗的描述。褒词称高行健为小说家、翻译家、戏剧家、导演、批
评家。

高行健出生於1940年。目前旅居法国。作为戏剧作家,他将先锋派思
潮、及荒诞戏剧介绍到中国。“文化大革命"中,高行健就读於中共
党校5年,其後,在中国作家协会作翻译。1978年发表第一篇小说。1
981年进入中国艺术团,作作家。80年代,创造了著名的“抽象派"
小说《车站》。

诺贝尔和平奖得主将於13日公布。颁奖仪式将於12月10日--诺贝尔逝
世日举行。

发信人: lao (Fields of Dreams), 信区: THUExpress
标 题: 对高行健戏剧作品的评论--From 网易
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Thu Oct 12 21:31:50 2000)

对高行健戏剧的思考
赵毅衡(10月12日20:28)

  节选自《建立一种现代禅剧--高行健近期剧简论》——

  十年前。1986年,正当《野人》宏大而惊人的演出使高行健在中国戏剧界达到
名声最高点时,他迅速写出了《彼岸》,使整个文学界着实吃了一惊:没想到他完
全重开了新路子,把80年代中国实验戏剧累积的成果全置于不顾。

  当时,有批评者指责《彼岸》宣传宗教,高行健回答说:他所表现的,是"东
方人认识自我,寻找自我同外界平衡的一种感知方式,不同于西方人的反省与忏悔
。东方人没有那么强的忏悔意识"。这种感知方式就是本能地领悟语言。表面意义
的语言本身不足为凭,作为自我的"人"永远是孤独的,只有凭借语言来超越语言,
才能摆脱困境,虽说不一定能到达彼岸,至少是一个可能的泅渡方向。

  "想过去",只是一个模糊的彼岸向往。此后、80年代末90年代初,高行健走向
民俗剧,试图从民俗重写中国神话史诗。他写了《冥城》、《山海经传》等,实际
上放弃了从《彼岸》开始的新戏剧样式追求。一直到1991年,他重新静下心来思考
,才继续《彼岸》的方向,写出了他作品中实验性最强的中篇《瞬间》,以及独白
剧《生死界》。

  剧作家高行健向来心里有一个戏剧理论家。他的剧本,是意图很明白的戏剧实
验。他的创新,也是目标清晰计划周到。高行健剧本中没有即兴之作,甚至没有听
从本能驱使而作的"任意性"段落。

  ……

  让我用最一般的、尽可能非宗教的语言总结一下:高行健的近期戏剧艺术创造
证明可以有一种当代戏剧,建筑在如下艺术原则上:

  首先,这种戏剧语言是可以有意义的,情节是可以有戏剧兴趣的,但此种戏剧
立足点不在于此,它们并不指向某种主题,某种释义,它只诱导观众自己体味在可
能与不可能中游移的意义,从而改变寻找意义的方向;第二,为了达到这个目的,
语言本身往往是平常的,非雕琢的,但却是不透明或半透明的,以腾出最广大的言
外空间,从而引导观众克服语言障,趋向非可言说之理;第三,为了启导观众本有
的根机悟性,此种戏剧往往暗示演出本身的控制与被控制意识,以及人心在认识世
界中的主体性;第四,也是最重要或最难说清的,此种戏剧努力诱导观众共同创造
一种境界。这种境界远非世界的表象,而是纷纭众相后某种无法言说的超越状态。


  把这种戏剧称作禅式写意剧,是因为中国诗与画在许多世纪前就在禅的启示下
走向写意。高行健的成就是在现代中国首次自觉地把这种美学运用到一种现代艺术
中,而且是公众性最强的艺术之一。因此,高行健不得不运用充分的独创性,从而
把禅/写意美学朝的推进了一大步,使之成为一种现代艺术哲学。

  虽然这个美学的展开目前尚远远没有到达它的最高点:高行健正值他的创作盛
年,而且近年的作品一部比一部出色,但从他的独创能力,他的理论基础与文化素
养,从他沉着的自信,以及从他已经取得的成绩,我们有理由相信他在世界戏剧史
上占的独特一章将要重写,而且多次重写。



--
这是一个真实的世界

要想成熟就要接受不完美


※ 来源:·BBS 水木清华站 smth.org·[FROM: 166.111.61.223]

http://www.nobel.se/announcement/2000/litbibl_en00.html










Biobibliographical notes


Gao Xingjian, born January 4 1940 in Ganzhou (Jiangxi province) in eastern China, is today a French citizen. Writer of prose, translator, dramatist, director, critic and artist. Gao Xingjian grew up during the aftermath of the Japanese invasion, his father was a bank official and his mother an amateur actress who stimulated the young Gao抯 interest in the theatre and writing. He received his basic education in the schools of the People抯 Republic and took a degree in French in 1962 at the Department of Foreign Languages in Beijing. During the Cultural Revolution (196676) he was sent to a re-education camp and felt it necessary to burn a suitcase full of manuscripts. Not until 1979 could he publish his work and travel abroad, to France and Italy. During the period 198087 he published short stories, essays and dramas in literary magazines in China and also four books: Premier essai sur les techniques du roman moderne /A Preliminary Discussion of the Art of Modern Fiction (1981) which gave rise to a violent polemic on 搈odernism, the narrative A Pigeon Called Red Beak (1985), Collected Plays (1985) and In Search of a Modern Form of Dramatic Representation (1987). Several of his experimental and pioneering plays - inspired in part by Brecht, Artaud and Beckett - were produced at the Theatre of Popular Art in Beijing: his theatrical debut with Signal d抋larme / Signal Alarm (1982) was a tempestuous success, and the absurd drama which established his reputation Arr阾 de bus / Bus Stop (1983) was condemned during the campaign against 搃ntellectual pollution (described by one eminent member of the party as the most pernicious piece of writing since the foundation of the People抯 Republic); L扝omme sauvage /Wild Man (1985) also gave rise to heated domestic polemic and international attention.
In 1986 L抋utre rive / The Other Shore was banned and since then none of his plays have been performed in China. In order to avoid harassment he undertook a ten-month walking-tour of the forest and mountain regions of Sichuan Province, tracing the course of the Yangzi river from its source to the coast. In 1987 he left China and settled down a year later in Paris as a political refugee. After the massacre on the Square of Heavenly Peace in 1989 he left the Chinese Communist Party. After publication of La fuite / Fugitives, which takes place against the background of this massacre, he was declared persona non grata by the regime and his works were banned. In the summer of 1982, Gao Xingjian had already started working on his prodigious novel La Montagne de l捖me / Soul Mountain in which - by means of an odyssey in time and space through the Chinese countryside - he enacts an individual抯 search for roots, inner peace and liberty. This is supplemented by the more autobiographical Le Livre d抲n homme seul / One Man抯 Bible. A number of his works have been translated into various languages, and today several of his plays are being produced in various parts of the world. In Sweden he has been translated and introduced by G鰎an Malmqvist, and two of his plays (Summer Rain in Peking, Fugitives) have been performed at the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm.
Gao Xingjian paints in ink and has had some thirty international exhibitions and provides the cover illustrations for his own books. Awards: Chevalier de l扥rdre des Arts et des Lettres 1992; Prix Communaut fran鏰ise de Belgique 1994 (for Le somnambule), Prix du Nouvel An chinois 1997 (for Soul Mountain).
A selection of works by Gao Xingjian in English:
Wild Man : A Contemporary Chinese Spoken Drama / transl. and annotated by Bruno Roubicek // Asian Theatre Journal. Vol. 7, Nr 2. Fall 1990.
Fugitives / transl. by Gregory B. Lee // Lee, Gregory B., Chinese Writing and Exile. Central Chinese Studies of the Universtity of Chicago, 1993.
The Other Shore : Plays by Gao Xingjian / transl. by Gilbert C.F. Fong. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1999.
Soul Mountain / transl. by Mabel Lee. HarperCollins, 1999.
One Man抯 Bible. [In transl. by Mabel Lee.]
Contemporary Technique and National Character in Fiction / transl. by Ng Mau-sang.
[Extract from A Preliminary Discussion of the Art of Modern Fiction, 1981]
The Voice of the Individual // Stockholm Journal of East Asian Studies 6, 1995.
Without isms / transl. by W. Lau, D. Sauviat & M. Williams // Journal of the Oriental Society of Australia. Vols 27 & 28, 199596.
Literature:
Trees on the Mountain : an Anthology of New Chinese Writing / ed. by Stephen C. Soong and John Minford. Hong Kong: The Chinese U.P., cop. 1984.
Gao Xingjian, le moderniste // La Chine aujourd抙ui No 41, septembre 1986.
Basting, Monica, Yeren : Tradition und Avantgarde in Gao Xingjians Theaterst點k 揇ie Wilden. Bochum : Brockmeyer, 1988.
Lod閚, Torbj鰎n, World Literature with Chinese Characteristics : On a Novel by Gao Xingjian // Stockholm Journal of East Asian Studies 4, 1993.
Lee, Gregory B., Chinese Writing and Exile. Central Chinese Studies of the Universtity of Chicago, 1993.
Lee, Mabel, Without Politics: Gao Xingjian on Literary Creation // Stockholm Journal of East Asian Studies 6, 1995.
Lee, Mabel, Pronouns as Protagonists : Gao Xingjian抯 Lingshan as Autobiography // Colloquium of the Sydney Society of Literature and Aesthetics at the Univ. of Sydney. Draft paper the 34 Oct. 1996.
Lee, Mabel, Personal Freedom in Twentieth-Century China: Reclaiming the Self in Yang Lian抯 Yi and Gao Xingjian抯 Lingshan // History, Literature and Society. Sydney: Sydney Studies in Society and Culture 15, 1996.
Au plus pr鑣 du r閑l : dialogues sur l掗criture 19941997, entretiens avec Denis Bourgeois / trad. par No雔 et Liliane Dutrait. La Tour d扐igues: l扐ube, 1997.
Lee, Mabel, Gao Xingjian抯 Lingshan / Soul Mountain : Modernism and the Chinese Writer // Heat 4, 1997.
Calvet, Robert, Gao Xingjian, le peintre de l掆me // Br鑦es No 56, hiver 1999.
Zhao, Henry Y.H., Towards a Modern Zen Theatre :Gao Xingian and Chinese Theatre Experimentalism. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 2000.

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